Function of the Meniscus

It seems that too many people know someone who has torn a meniscus. As is true with the rest of our bodies, we don't think about this little structure in our knee until it is torn and your knee hurts and you can't do what you used to do.  And now you might have to have surgery! So what is the meniscus? We have utilized images from MendMeShop and Mayo Clinic to assist in understanding the function of the meniscus.



Meniscus often refers to the cartilage of the knee, either to the lateral or medial meniscus. The meniscus is cartilaginous tissue that provides structural integrity to the knee when it undergoes tension and torsion. It allows your knee to move in many directions smoothly. Each knee has two menisci- C shaped cartilage that provide a cushion between your femur (thighbone) and tibia (shinbone).

A torn meniscus is a common knee injury. Activities that cause you to forcefully twist or rotate your knee, especially when putting the pressure of your full weight on it, can lead to a torn meniscus. Trauma from sports such as football and the natural breakdown of the cartilage with aging and use can cause or lead to this condition. Degenerative meniscus tears are different than a trauma that causes a tear. Arthritis is usually involved and abnormalities of the cartilage are present. This kind of tear may be treatable with over the counter medication and/or injections at the sight. A torn meniscus means uneven distribution of your body weight on the knee joint which leads to bone on bone grinding and impact where the tear is. Symptoms of this injury can be pain, swelling and stiffness. Limited range of motion may develop although most people can still walk comfortably when inflammation is reduced.

Immediate treatment that may assist in recovery is rest, ice, compression and elevation (RICE). Limited blood flow to this area slows healing. Additional care may require surgery. Orthopedic doctors will advise you on your options and prognosis. Note the example of a torn meniscus below.



What can you do?  Core and lower body strength training is necessary. Choosing softer surfaces for activities that impact the knee are helpful. Exercise can, and still should be, a part of your lifestyle routine. Consulting with your doctor regarding your diagnosis, your options and your future activities is recommended.